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A model reference adaptive control based method for actuator delay estimation in real-time testing

Cheng CHEN, James M. RICLES

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年第4卷第3期页码 277-286 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0072-8

摘要： Real-time testing provides a viable experimental technique to evaluate the performance of structural systems subjected to dynamic loading. Servo-hydraulic actuators are often utilized to apply calculated displacements from an integration algorithm to the experimental structures in a real-time manner. The compensation of actuator delay is therefore critical to achieve stable and reliable experimental results. The advances in compensation methods based on adaptive control theory enable researchers to accommodate variable actuator delay and achieve good actuator control for real-time tests. However, these adaptive methods all require time duration for actuator delay adaptation. Experiments show that a good actuator delay estimate can help optimize the performance of the adaptive compensation methods. The rate of adaptation also requires that a good actuator delay estimate be acquired especially for the tests where the peak structural response might occur at the beginning of the tests. This paper presents a model reference adaptive control based method to identify the parameter of a simplified discrete model for servo-hydraulic dynamics and the resulting compensation method. Simulations are conducted using both numerical analysis and experimental results to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed estimation method.

关键词： real-time testing actuator delay compensation adaptive control MIT rule discrete transfer function

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Convergence performance comparisons of PID, MRAC, and PID+MRAC hybrid controller

Dan ZHANG,Bin WEI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第11卷第2期页码 213-217 doi: 10.1007/s11465-016-0386-x

摘要：

This study proposes a hybrid controller by combining a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control and a model reference adaptive control (MRAC), which named as PID+MRAC controller. The convergence performances of the PID control, MRAC, and hybrid PID+MRAC are also compared. Through the simulation in Matlab, the results show that the convergence speed and performance of the MRAC and the PID+MRAC controller are better than those of the PID controller. In addition, the convergence performance of the hybrid control is better than that of the MRAC control.

关键词： proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control model reference adaptive control hybrid control convergence speed comparison

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Assessment of a fuzzy logic based MRAS observer used in a photovoltaic array supplied AC drive

Bhavnesh KUMAR, Yogesh K CHAUHAN, Vivek SHRIVASTAVA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年第8卷第1期页码 81-89 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0295-9

摘要： In this paper a fuzzy logic (FL) based model reference adaptive system (MRAS) speed observer for high performance AC drives is proposed. The error vector computation is made based on the rotor-flux derived from the reference and the adaptive model of the induction motor. The error signal is processed in the proposed fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for speed adaptation. The drive employs an indirect vector control scheme for achieving a good closed loop speed control. For powering the drive system, a standalone photovoltaic (PV) energy source is used. To extract the maximum power from the PV source, a constant voltage controller (CVC) is also proposed. The complete drive system is modeled in MATLAB/Simulink and the performance is analyzed for different operating conditions.

关键词： induction motor drive fuzzy logic (FL) control model reference adaptive system (MRAS) photovoltaic (PV) array vector control

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reference tracking control design for a class of nonlinear systems with time-varying delays

Mei-qin LIU,Hai-yang CHEN,Sen-lin ZHANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第9期页码 759-768 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500053

摘要： This paper investigates the trajectory tracking control for a class of nonlinear systems with timevarying delays by virtue of Lyapunov-Krasovskii stability theory and the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. A unified model consisting of a linear delayed dynamic system and a bounded static nonlinear operator is introduced, which covers most of the nonlinear systems with bounded nonlinear terms, such as the one-link robotic manipulator, chaotic systems, complex networks, the continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), and the standard genetic regulatory network (SGRN). First, the definition of the tracking control is given. Second, the performance analysis of the closed-loop system including this unified model, reference model, and state feedback controller is presented. Then criteria on the tracking controller design are derived in terms of LMIs such that the output of the closed-loop system tracks the given reference signal in the sense. The reference model adopted here is modified to be more flexible. A scaling factor is introduced to deal with the disturbance such that the control precision is improved. Finally, a CSTR system is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the established control laws.

关键词： H∞ reference tracking Nonlinear system State feedback control Time-varying delays Unified model

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模型不确定性和执行器故障下的四旋翼飞行器主动容错控制方法 None

Yu-jiang ZHONG, Zhi-xiang LIU, You-min ZHANG, Wei ZHANG, Jun-yi ZUO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第20卷第1期页码 95-106 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800570

摘要：针对四旋翼飞行器的执行器故障，提出一种可靠的主动容错控制方法。该方法以模型参考自适应控制理论为框架，保证四旋翼飞行器系统的全局渐进稳定性。为消除模型不确定性影响，增强系统鲁棒性，径向基神经网络算法被集成到所设计的控制系统中，自适应地辨识模型不确定性，在线调整参考模型。此外，为避免因执行器饱和及响应速率限制造成的不必要的系统性能下降，在控制器设计过程中，同时考虑执行器动态特性。基于自适应两级卡尔曼滤波器设计的故障检测与诊断模块，可以准确估计执行器控制效率损失故障。利用获取的故障信息，重新构造控制器的控制律，弥补执行器故障的不利影响。仿真结果表明，在执行器有、无故障两种情况下，提出的主动容错控制方法都能使四旋翼飞行器准确跟踪期望的参考信号。

关键词：模型参考自适应控制；神经网络；四旋翼飞行器；容错控制；故障检测与诊断

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飞航导弹高精度自适应预测控制设计

孙明玮,陈增强,袁著祉,任强,杨明

《中国工程科学》 2005年第7卷第10期页码 23-27

摘要：

飞航导弹的飞行主要是通过姿态稳定与调节来实现的。通过以小扰动模型为基础的导弹动力学特性分析，建立了导弹姿态控制回路的串级控制结构，并且以离散模型作为基于递推最小二乘法的自适应预测控制的被控对象，把原先响应较慢的质心控制转换为反应较快而且精度高的弹道角控制。根据导弹的特性，在姿态内回路采用广义预测控制，在弹道外回路采用一种积分形式的预测控制。在参考信号上，实现了质心指令到弹道指令的有效变换，为高精度小超调跟踪奠定了基础。这种方法实现了姿态参考信号与导引指令的统一，姿态控制与质心控制的统一，充分降低了对气动等数据的精度要求，参数选择简单。数值仿真结果说明了这种方法的有效性；提出了进一步的研究方向。

关键词：飞航导弹自适应控制模型预测控制鲁棒性

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Model-based nonlinear control of hydraulic servo systems: Challenges, developments and perspectives

Jianyong YAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第2期页码 179-210 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0464-3

摘要：

Hydraulic servo system plays a significant role in industries, and usually acts as a core point in control and power transmission. Although linear theory-based control methods have been well established, advanced controller design methods for hydraulic servo system to achieve high performance is still an unending pursuit along with the development of modern industry. Essential nonlinearity is a unique feature and makes model-based nonlinear control more attractive, due to benefit from prior knowledge of the servo valve controlled hydraulic system. In this paper, a discussion for challenges in model-based nonlinear control, latest developments and brief perspectives of hydraulic servo systems are presented: Modelling uncertainty in hydraulic system is a major challenge, which includes parametric uncertainty and time-varying disturbance; some specific requirements also arise ad hoc difficulties such as nonlinear friction during low velocity tracking, severe disturbance, periodic disturbance, etc.; to handle various challenges, nonlinear solutions including parameter adaptation, nonlinear robust control, state and disturbance observation, backstepping design and so on, are proposed and integrated, theoretical analysis and lots of applications reveal their powerful capability to solve pertinent problems; and at the end, some perspectives and associated research topics (measurement noise, constraints, inner valve dynamics, input nonlinearity, etc.) in nonlinear hydraulic servo control are briefly explored and discussed.

关键词： hydraulic servo system adaptive control robust control nonlinear friction disturbance compensation repetitive control noise alleviation constraint control

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Power maximization of variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbines using passive adaptive neural faulttolerant control

Hamed HABIBI, Hamed RAHIMI NOHOOJI, Ian HOWARD

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第12卷第3期页码 377-388 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0431-4

摘要：

Power maximization has always been a practical consideration in wind turbines. The question of how to address optimal power capture, especially when the system dynamics are nonlinear and the actuators are subject to unknown faults, is significant. This paper studies the control methodology for variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbines including the effects of uncertain nonlinear dynamics, system fault uncertainties, and unknown external disturbances. The nonlinear model of the wind turbine is presented, and the problem of maximizing extracted energy is formulated by designing the optimal desired states. With the known system, a model-based nonlinear controller is designed; then, to handle uncertainties, the unknown nonlinearities of the wind turbine are estimated by utilizing radial basis function neural networks. The adaptive neural fault tolerant control is designed passively to be robust on model uncertainties, disturbances including wind speed and model noises, and completely unknown actuator faults including generator torque and pitch actuator torque. The Lyapunov direct method is employed to prove that the closed-loop system is uniformly bounded. Simulation studies are performed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： wind turbine nonlinear model maximum power tracking passive fault tolerant control adaptive neural control

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An adaptive sliding mode control technology for weld seam tracking

Jie LIU,Youmin HU,Bo WU,Kaibo ZHOU,Mingfeng GE

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第1期页码 95-101 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0332-3

摘要：

A novel adaptive sliding mode control algorithm is derived to deal with seam tracking control problem of welding robotic manipulator, during the process of large-scale structure component welding. The proposed algorithm does not require the precise dynamic model, and is more practical. Its robustness is verified by the Lyapunov stability theory. The analytical results show that the proposed algorithm enables better high-precision tracking performance with chattering-free than traditional sliding mode control algorithm under various disturbances.

关键词： weld seam tracking welding robotic manipulator adaptive control sliding mode control

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Obstacle-circumventing adaptive control of a four-wheeled mobile robot subjected to motion uncertainties

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第18卷第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-023-0753-3

摘要： To achieve the collision-free trajectory tracking of the four-wheeled mobile robot (FMR), existing methods resolve the tracking control and obstacle avoidance separately. Guaranteeing the synergistic robustness and smooth navigation of mobile robots subjected to motion uncertainties in a dynamic environment using this non-cooperative processing method is difficult. To address this challenge, this paper proposes an obstacle-circumventing adaptive control (OCAC) framework. Specifically, a novel anti-disturbance terminal slide mode control with adaptive gains is formulated, incorporating specified control laws for different stages. This formulation guarantees rapid convergence and simultaneous chattering elimination. By introducing sub-target points, a new sub-target dynamic tracking regression obstacle avoidance strategy is presented to transfer the obstacle avoidance problem into a dynamic tracking one, thereby reducing the burden of local path searching while ensuring system stability during obstacle circumvention. Comparative experiments demonstrate that the proposed OCAC method can strengthen the convergence and obstacle avoidance efficiency of the concerned FMR system.

关键词： four-wheeled mobile robot obstacle-circumventing adaptive control adaptive anti-disturbance terminal sliding mode control sub-target dynamic tracking regression obstacle avoidance

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三自由度混合磁轴承无模型自适应控制系统 Article

Ye YUAN, Yu-kun SUN, Qian-wen XIANG, Yong-hong HUANG, Zhi-ying ZHU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第18卷第12期页码 2035-2045 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1700324

摘要：由于气隙磁场分布不均以及未建模动态性，数学模型不再适用于磁力轴承系统。基于错误数学模型的系统控制会表现出低响应和高颤动。为解决这一问题，本文提出一种三自由度混合磁轴承无模型自适应控制系统。该控制系统仅与控制电流和轴承的平衡位置有关。其参数估计算法的设计与模型无关，直接基于输入和输出数据的伪偏导数。本文通过不同直径的辅助轴承分析了三自由度混合磁轴承转子悬浮区域,以及通过两种不同的操作系统具体分析无模型自适应控制系统的可行性。模拟和实验结果表明，该三自由度混合磁轴承无模型自适应控制系统具有响应速度快，稳态误差小，和稳定性好等优势。

关键词：模型自适应控制；混合磁轴承；非线性区域；快速响应；高稳定性

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多目标自适应优化模型预测控制——降低氧化锌回转窑的碳排放 Article

Ke Wei, Keke Huang, Chunhua Yang, Weihua Gui

《工程（英文）》 2023年第27卷第8期页码 96-105 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.01.017

摘要：

The zinc oxide rotary kiln, as an essential piece of equipment in the zinc smelting industrial process, is presenting new challenges in process control. China's strategy of achieving a carbon peak and carbon neutrality is putting new demands on the industry, including green production and the use of fewer resources; thus, traditional stability control is no longer suitable for multi-objective control tasks. Although researchers have revealed the principle of the rotary kiln and set up computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation models to study its dynamics, these models cannot be directly applied to process control due to their high computational complexity. To address these issues, this paper proposes a multi-objective adaptive optimization model predictive control (MAO-MPC) method based on sparse identification. More specifically, with a large amount of data collected from a CFD model, a sparse regression problem is first formulated and solved to obtain a reduction model. Then, a two-layered control framework including real-time optimization (RTO) and model predictive control (MPC) is designed. In the RTO layer, an optimization problem with the goal of achieving optimal operation performance and the lowest possible resource consumption is set up. By solving the optimization problem in real time, a suitable setting value is sent to the MPC layer to ensure that the zinc oxide rotary kiln always functions in an optimal state. Our experiments show the strength and reliability of the proposed method, which reduces the usage of coal while maintaining high profits.

关键词： Zinc oxide rotary kiln Model reduction Sparse identification Real-time optimization Model predictive control Process control

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Terrain classification and adaptive locomotion for a hexapod robot Qingzhui

Yue ZHAO, Feng GAO, Qiao SUN, Yunpeng YIN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第2期页码 271-284 doi: 10.1007/s11465-020-0623-1

摘要： Legged robots have potential advantages in mobility compared with wheeled robots in outdoor environments. The knowledge of various ground properties and adaptive locomotion based on different surface materials plays an important role in improving the stability of legged robots. A terrain classification and adaptive locomotion method for a hexapod robot named Qingzhui is proposed in this paper. First, a force-based terrain classification method is suggested. Ground contact force is calculated by collecting joint torques and inertial measurement unit information. Ground substrates are classified with the feature vector extracted from the collected data using the support vector machine algorithm. Then, an adaptive locomotion on different ground properties is proposed. The dynamic alternating tripod trotting gait is developed to control the robot, and the parameters of active compliance control change with the terrain. Finally, the method is integrated on a hexapod robot and tested by real experiments. Our method is shown effective for the hexapod robot to walk on concrete, wood, grass, and foam. The strategies and experimental results can be a valuable reference for other legged robots applied in outdoor environments.

关键词： terrain classification hexapod robot legged robot adaptive locomotion gait control

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面向服务的P2P网络体系结构层次参考模型研究

刘业,刘林峰,庄艳艳

《中国工程科学》 2007年第9卷第9期页码 72-77

摘要：

提出了一种基于交互、面向服务的P2P网络体系结构框架模型ISPNA，同时结合P2P网络松耦合、自组织、可缩放等特点，对P2P网络技术中增强其可用性需要解决的关键问题进行分析。从P2P网络体系结构的研究角度出发，将增强P2P网络可用性所需要考虑的多方面因素放置在P2P网络的不同层次予以解决，有利于从宏观上把握需要解决的问题。

关键词： P2P网络体系结构层次参考模型资源服务

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离心机的自适应鲁棒控制系统

李果,张培昌,胡剑飞,余达太

《中国工程科学》 2006年第8卷第9期页码 30-34

摘要：

为了改善离心机的控制性能和稳定性，进行了离心机的自适应鲁棒控制系统研究；基于电动机与离心机相连的结构，设计了控制器以期得到满意的控制性能；首先提出了一种基于自适应鲁棒控制器的离心机控制系统，针对离心机模型设计了自适应鲁棒控制算法；试验结果证明了该控制算法的有效性；在环境条件不同的情况下，离心机控制系统仍表现了满意的控制性能。

关键词：离心机自适应控制鲁棒控制